![]() The remainder of this section discusses how to ensure proper credit is given when preparing and presenting a speech. In other words, speakers are held accountable for intentional and unintentional plagiarism. However, it is important to note that being unaware of how to credit sources should not be an excuse for unintentional plagiarism. This statistic does not take into account whether or not the plagiarism was intentional, occurring when the writer or speaker knowingly presented information as his or her own or unintentional, occurring when careless citing leads to information being uncredited or miscredited. In a national survey, “87 percent of students claimed that their peers plagiarized from the Internet at least some of the time” (Cruikshank, 2004). This unethical act can result in several consequences, ranging from a loss in credibility to academic expulsion, or job loss.Įven with these potential consequences, plagiarism is unfortunately common. Passing off another’s work as your own or neglecting to cite the source for your information is considered plagiarism. ![]() Recalling your sources is important because it enables speaker honesty. Careful notes will help you remember where you learned your information. The first step of ethical speech preparation is to take notes as you research your speech topic. In addition to being clear about the speech goal, honest speakers are clear with audience members when providing supporting information. For instance, one example of dishonest speech is when a vacation destination offers “complimentary tours and sessions” which are really opportunities for a sales person to pitch a timeshare to unsuspecting tourists. Honesty includes telling your audience why you’re speaking (central idea - your thesis statement) and what you’ll address throughout your speech (preview). As you read further in this chapter, you will begin to understand the guidelines for how ethical communication should occur in the public speaking process.Ĭredible public speakers are open and honest with their audiences. In public speaking, we use ethical standards to determine what and how to exchange messages with our audience. Ethical communication can be enacted in written, oral, and non-verbal communication. Once we have identified our ethical standards, we can apply these to make sure that we are communicating ethically.Įthical communication is an exchange of responsible and trustworthy messages determined by our moral principles. “Questions of right and wrong arise whenever people communicate (NCA Credo for Ethical Communication, 1999). Wallace (1955) claims, “ethical standards of communication should place emphasis upon the means used to secure the end, rather than upon achieving the end itself.” This argument suggests that speakers must consider moral standards through every step of the speech process. These ethical standards are the guidelines we use to interpret rightness and wrongness in life, in relationships, and in public speaking. This example illustrates how one’s belief system influences his or her ethical standards. ![]() Therefore, it is justifiable to be untruthful when the deception is part of the process of caring for another. In fact, Merrill (2009) explains that the holy Dalai Lama, the Buddhist spiritual leader, believes compassion is even more essential than truth. This stance informs one’s ethical standards. If you want to be happy, practice compassion. If you want others to be happy, practice compassion. The virtuous standards to which we adhere influence our ethical understanding. Ethical standards, or moral principles, are the set of rules we abide by that make us “good” people and help us choose right from wrong. This process is made easier by our ethical standards. Knowing the speaking setting, the audience, and our knowledge of the topic, we are able to confront ethical dilemmas with a strong moral compass. We can easily be faced with a moral dilemma over what information to provide or how to accurately represent that information. \)Īs public speakers, we make ethical choices when preparing and delivering a speech.
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